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Secuencia del genoma de un humano moderno de 45.000 años de antigüedad del oeste de Siberia

Qiaomei Fu¹, Heng Li², Priya Moorjani³

¹1] Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVPP, CAS, Beijing 100044, China [2] Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.

|October 25, 2014

Resumen

Un genoma siberiano de 45.000 años de antigüedad revela el flujo genético del antiguo neandertal hacia los primeros humanos modernos. Este antiguo ADN proporciona información sobre la migración humana y las tasas de mutación.

Área de la Ciencia:

La paleogenómica es la paleogenómica.
Evolución del ser humano Evolución del ser humano
Genética de la población Genética de la población.

Sus antecedentes:

El poblamiento de Eurasia involucró complejas interacciones entre humanos arcaicos y modernos.
Comprender las primeras poblaciones humanas modernas requiere datos genómicos antiguos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para presentar la secuencia del genoma de alta calidad de un hombre moderno de 45.000 años de edad de Siberia.
Para investigar el momento del flujo genético neandertal y estimar las tasas de mutación.

Principales métodos:

Secuenciación del genoma de alta calidad de ADN antiguo.
Análisis genómico comparativo con poblaciones humanas modernas.
Inferencia de la historia demográfica y las tasas de mutación.

Principales resultados:

El individuo siberiano es anterior a la divergencia de las poblaciones de Eurasia occidental y oriental.
Los segmentos de ascendencia de los neandertales son más largos, lo que indica que el flujo genético se produjo entre 7.000 y 13.000 años antes.
Tasas estimadas de mutaciones autosómicas, cromosómicas Y y mitocondriales.

Conclusiones:

Los primeros humanos modernos en Siberia llevaban una importante ascendencia neandertal.
La adición de Neanderthal ocurrió significativamente antes de lo estimado previamente para algunas poblaciones.
El genoma proporciona un recurso valioso para calibrar las tasas de mutación humana.

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