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La paleoceanografía. paleoceanografía. El papel de la Antártida en la glaciación del hemisferio norte

Stella C Woodard¹, Yair Rosenthal², Kenneth G Miller³

¹Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. woodard@marine.rutgers.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 25, 2014

Resumen

La glaciación del hemisferio norte comenzó hace ~2.73 millones de años. Las aguas más frías del Pacífico y la circulación oceánica alterada, impulsada por el crecimiento del hielo antártico, facilitaron esta importante transición climática.

Área de la Ciencia:

Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima

Sus antecedentes:

El clima de la Tierra cambió de condiciones cálidas del Plioceno a una extensa glaciación del Hemisferio Norte (NHG) hace unos 2,73 millones de años (Ma).
Pre-NHG, las aguas profundas del Pacífico Norte eran significativamente más frías y frescas que las aguas profundas del Atlántico Norte.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los cambios en la circulación oceánica profunda que preceden y durante el inicio de la glaciación del hemisferio norte.
Comprender el papel del transporte interhemisférico de calor y sal en esta importante transición climática.

Principales métodos:

Reconstrucción paleoceanográfica de las temperaturas y la salinidad del océano profundo.
Análisis de los cambios en el nivel del mar para inferir la extensión de la glaciación antártica.
Modelado de la dinámica de la circulación oceánica profunda.

Principales resultados:

Las aguas profundas del Pacífico Norte eran ~ 4 ° C más frías y frescas que las aguas profundas del Atlántico Norte antes de que NHG se intensificara.
El gradiente de temperatura Atlántico-Pacífico disminuyó a <1°C alrededor de 2.73 Ma, lo que indica una mayor transferencia de calor al Pacífico.
Una caída del nivel del mar de 21 ± 10 metros entre 3.15 y 2.75 Ma sugiere un aumento de la glaciación antártica.

Conclusiones:

El aumento de la glaciación antártica y una fuerte haloclina polar alteraron fundamentalmente la circulación del océano profundo.
La mejora del transporte interhemisférico de calor y sal contribuyó significativamente al inicio de la glaciación del hemisferio norte.

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