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Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

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Mecanismo molecular fundamental para la captación celular de moléculas ricas en guanidinio

Henry D Herce¹, Angel E Garcia, M Cristina Cardoso

¹Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|November 19, 2014

Resumen

Las moléculas ricas en arginina utilizan ácidos grasos y gradientes de pH para entrar en las células sin energía. Este mecanismo implica canales de membrana transitorios formados por ácidos grasos que interactúan con los grupos de guanidinium.

Área de la Ciencia:

La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Biología celular Biología celular.
Biología Molecular Biología Molecular

Sus antecedentes:

Las moléculas ricas en guanidinium, como los péptidos que penetran en las células, entran en las células de manera no endocitótica.
El mecanismo de cruce de la barrera hidrofóbica de la membrana plasmática no está claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para dilucidar el mecanismo de translocación de moléculas ricas en arginina en células vivas.
Para identificar los componentes celulares clave involucrados en este proceso.

Principales métodos:

El modelado computacional.
Los experimentos in vitro. experimentos en el laboratorio.
Imágenes y ensayos de células vivas.

Principales resultados:

Se reveló un nuevo mecanismo de translocación independiente de la energía.
Los grupos de guanidinium, los ácidos grasos y el gradiente de pH de la membrana celular son esenciales.
Los ácidos grasos forman canales transitorios, facilitados por las interacciones del guanidinium, que permiten el transporte de péptidos.

Conclusiones:

El mecanismo propuesto explica la entrada eficiente y no endocítica en las células de moléculas ricas en arginina.
Este proceso es universal en diferentes especies y reinos.
Los canales transitorios mediados por ácidos grasos son clave para la translocación de péptidos.

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