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Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
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Plasticidad neuronal: más allá del período crítico.
Mark Hübener1, Tobias Bonhoeffer1
1Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany.
Cell
|November 24, 2014
Resumen
La plasticidad del cerebro adulto, particularmente en las áreas sensoriales, puede ser reactivada. La modificación de la entrada sensorial o el uso de medicamentos dirigidos puede desbloquear este potencial latente para la recuperación funcional.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La neurobiología es la neurobiología.
- Plasticidad cerebral Plasticidad cerebral.
Sus antecedentes:
- La plasticidad neuronal es más alta durante los primeros períodos críticos de la vida.
- La plasticidad del cerebro adulto fue históricamente considerada limitada.
- Estudios recientes muestran que la plasticidad persiste en el neocórtex sensorial primario maduro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el potencial de plasticidad en el neocórtex adulto.
- Explorar métodos para reactivar la plasticidad latente.
- Evaluar las implicaciones para la recuperación de la función después de una lesión o enfermedad cerebral.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de estudios sobre la plasticidad del neocórtex sensorial primario.
- Análisis de los factores que influyen en la plasticidad cortical adulta.
- La consideración de la modificación de la entrada sensorial y las interacciones sensorio-motoras.
- Exploración de intervenciones farmacológicas dirigidas a la plasticidad.
Principales resultados:
- La plasticidad neocortical adulta, aunque a menudo latente, puede ser sustancial.
- Las modificaciones en la entrada sensorial y las interacciones sensorio-motoras pueden reactivar la plasticidad.
- Los patrones de actividad en los circuitos corticales son clave para la plasticidad.
- Los enfoques farmacológicos pueden superar los frenos moleculares en la plasticidad de los adultos.
Conclusiones:
- El cerebro adulto conserva una capacidad significativa para la plasticidad neuronal.
- La plasticidad latente puede ser reactivada terapéuticamente.
- Las intervenciones que mejoran la plasticidad son prometedoras para el tratamiento de lesiones y enfermedades cerebrales.
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