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Edición del genoma. La nueva frontera de la ingeniería genómica con CRISPR-Cas9

Jennifer A Doudna¹, Emmanuelle Charpentier²

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. doudna@berkeley.edu emmanuelle.charpentier@helmholtz-hzi.de.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 29, 2014

Resumen

El sistema CRISPR-Cas9 permite una fácil ingeniería genómica en diversos organismos, revolucionando la investigación biológica y la biotecnología. Esta poderosa herramienta facilita la modificación genética, abriendo nuevas vías para el descubrimiento y el desarrollo terapéutico.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
Genética La genética.
Biotecnología La biotecnología es la biotecnología.

Sus antecedentes:

La biología de CRISPR (repetición palindrómica agrupada regularmente espaciada) ha evolucionado significativamente.
El sistema CRISPR-Cas9 guiado por ARN bacteriano es una herramienta clave para la ingeniería genómica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar la historia y el mecanismo de CRISPR-Cas9.
Para resaltar su impacto transformador en la investigación biológica y la biotecnología.

Principales métodos:

Revisión del descubrimiento de la biología CRISPR.
Elucidación del mecanismo de la enzima CRISPR-Cas9.

Principales resultados:

CRISPR-Cas9 facilita la ingeniería genómica fácil en todos los dominios de la vida.
La manipulación genómica ya no es un cuello de botella para los experimentos.

Conclusiones:

CRISPR-Cas9 abre una nueva era de descubrimientos biológicos.
Las aplicaciones abarcan la biotecnología y la terapéutica humana.

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