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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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The Hall Effect01:30

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Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting material. From a historical perspective, this experiment was the first to demonstrate that the charge carriers in most metals are negative.
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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Ohmic Contact Fabrication Using a Focused-ion Beam Technique and Electrical Characterization for Layer Semiconductor Nanostructures
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Teoría del estado sólido. teoría del estado sólido. El efecto Hall de espín cuántico en los dicalcogenuros de metales

Xiaofeng Qian1, Junwei Liu2, Liang Fu3

  • 1Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 16, 2014
PubMed
Resumen

Descubrimos aislantes de Hall de espín cuántico (QSH) de brecha grande en los dicalcogenuros de metales de transición 2D. Estos materiales ofrecen brechas de banda sintonizables y potencial para nuevos transistores topológicos, superando las limitaciones de los materiales QSH actuales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Química cuántica es la química cuántica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los materiales de efecto Hall de espín cuántico (QSH) poseen estados de borde topológicamente protegidos.
  • Aplicaciones limitadas debido a las brechas de banda pequeña en los aislantes QSH existentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Predecir nuevos aislantes QSH de gran brecha.
  • Explorar brechas de banda sintonizables y transiciones de fase topológicas en materiales 2D.
  • Proponer un nuevo tipo de transistor de efecto de campo topológico.

Principales métodos:

  • Cálculos basados en los primeros principios.
  • Investigando los dicalcogenuros de metales de transición bidimensionales (1T'-MX2).
  • Analizando la inversión de banda y los efectos de acoplamiento de espín-órbita.

Principales resultados:

  • Se predijo una clase de aislantes QSH de gran brecha en 1T'-MX2 (W/Mo, Te/Se/S).
  • Inversión de banda intrínseca identificada y huecos de banda sintonizables a través de campo eléctrico y deformación.
  • Propuso un transistor de efecto de campo topológico con conmutación inducida por el campo eléctrico.

Conclusiones:

  • Los materiales 1T'-MX2 son candidatos prometedores para aislantes QSH de gran hueco.
  • Las brechas de banda sintonizables y las transiciones de fase topológicas permiten dispositivos electrónicos avanzados.
  • El transistor topológico propuesto ofrece una alternativa a la conmutación de agotamiento del portador.