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Reducción de la oscilación El Niño-Sur durante el último máximo glacial
Heather L Ford1, A Christina Ravelo2, Pratigya J Polissar3
1Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. Biology and Paleo Environment, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. hford@ldeo.columbia.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 17, 2015
Resumen
La Oscilación El Niño-Sur (ENSO) mostró una variabilidad reducida durante el Último Máximo Glacial debido a una termoclina profunda, lo que sugiere que no está impulsada únicamente por gradientes de temperatura.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- La Oscilación El Niño-Sur (ENSO) es un factor clave de la variabilidad climática global.
- Comprender la respuesta de ENSO a los cambios climáticos pasados, como el Último Máximo Glacial (LGM), es crucial para predecir el clima futuro.
- Las suposiciones anteriores vinculaban la variabilidad de ENSO directamente con el gradiente de temperatura este-oeste.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir las temperaturas de la superficie del mar LGM en el Pacífico ecuatorial.
- Para investigar el comportamiento de ENSO bajo condiciones límite de LGM.
- Reevaluar los principales impulsores de la variabilidad de ENSO.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las conchas foraminíferas planctónicas individuales para la reconstrucción de la temperatura.
- Recopilación de datos paleoclimáticos de núcleos de sedimentos del Pacífico ecuatorial.
- Comparación de la variabilidad de LGM ENSO con los registros del Holoceno tardío.
Principales resultados:
- Las temperaturas ecuatoriales del Pacífico LGM revelan una profunda termoclina.
- Esta profunda termoclina alteró significativamente la dinámica oceánica en la lengua fría ecuatorial oriental.
- La variabilidad de ENSO fue demostradamente reducida durante el LGM en comparación con el Holoceno Tardío.
Conclusiones:
- La variabilidad de ENSO durante el LGM no fue controlada directamente por el gradiente de temperatura este-oeste.
- Una termoclina ecuatorial del Pacífico oriental profundo jugó un papel crítico en la modulación de la respuesta de ENSO a las condiciones climáticas LGM.
- Estos hallazgos refinan nuestra comprensión de la sensibilidad de ENSO a las condiciones de las fronteras globales.
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