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Ciencia de los cometas. Variabilidad temporal y heterogeneidad en el coma de 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
M Hässig1, K Altwegg2, H Balsiger3
1Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA. myrtha.haessig@swri.org.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 24, 2015
Resumen
Los cometas preservan las primeras condiciones del sistema solar. Rosetta Rosetta es el nombre de Rosetta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
- La astroquímica es astroquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cometas ofrecen material prístino del sistema solar temprano.
- Los núcleos de los cometas y la composición del coma proporcionan información sobre las primeras condiciones del sistema solar.
- Comprender la desgasificación cometaria es crucial para los estudios de formación del sistema solar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la composición del coma del cometa 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
- Para investigar las variaciones diurnas y estacionales en la emisión de gases cometarios.
- Explorar la relación entre las propiedades del núcleo del cometa y la composición del coma.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el espectrómetro Rosetta Orbiter para el análisis iónico y neutro (ROSINA).
- Recopiló mediciones in situ de la composición del coma durante múltiples rotaciones del cometa.
- Analizó datos a través de una amplia gama de latitudes y resoluciones de tiempo.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron fluctuaciones significativas en la composición química del coma.
- Se identificaron variaciones diurnas y potenciales estacionales en las principales especies emisoras de gases (H2O, CO, CO2).
- Reveló un coma heterogéneo, lo que indica una compleja relación entre el núcleo y la salida de gases.
Conclusiones:
- Los comas cometarios exhiben variaciones de composición complejas y dinámicas.
- Es probable que las diferencias de temperatura del subsuelo impulsen las variaciones estacionales de desgasificación.
- Estos hallazgos mejoran nuestra comprensión de la actividad cometaria y los primeros procesos del sistema solar.
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