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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and...
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Structures of Solids02:22

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Macrociclos metálico-cristalino líquido columnares de macrosciclos metálico-cristalino columnares también conocidos

Shin-ichiro Kawano1, Yukari Ishida, Kentaro Tanaka

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 7, 2015
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Resumen

Los investigadores sintetizaron nuevas moléculas macrocíclicas y sus complejos metálicos, exhibiendo un comportamiento termotrópico columnar líquido-cristalino. Estos metallo-macrociclos demuestran autoensamblaje en fases fluidas en amplios rangos de temperatura.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Coordinación Química de la Coordinación

Sus antecedentes:

  • La química covalente dinámica permite la síntesis selectiva por tamaño de los ligandos macrocíclicos.
  • Los macrociclos cuentan con una gran cavidad simétrica y un sistema de anillos planos de 56π.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para sintetizar nuevas moléculas macrocíclicas y sus complejos metálicos.
  • Para investigar su comportamiento termotrópico columnar líquido-cristalino.

Principales métodos:

  • Química covalente dinámica para la síntesis de ligandos.
  • Difracción de rayos X, calorimetría de barrido diferencial y microscopía óptica polarizada para la caracterización.
  • Incorporación de los iones Ni(2+) y Cu(2+) en los ligandos de los salfenos.

Principales resultados:

  • Sintetizó macrociclos discretos y altamente simétricos con una cavidad de 9 Å.
  • Se forman complejos metálicos planos cuadrados dentro de los macrociclos.
  • Autoensamblaje observado en fases líquido-cristalinas columnares con alta fluidez.
  • Demostró que las cadenas alquilo periféricas influyen en las propiedades de los cristales líquidos y en el rango de temperatura.

Conclusiones:

  • Estos son los primeros cristales líquidos columnares termotrópicos reportados de complejos metálicos macrocíclicos con grandes áreas huecas.
  • Los metalo-macrociclos exhiben rangos de temperatura cristalina líquida mejorados en comparación con los análogos sin metales.
  • El estudio destaca el potencial de los complejos metálicos macrocíclicos en el desarrollo de materiales cristalinos líquidos avanzados.