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Ciencias ambientales. ciencias ambientales. Repensar el ciclo del carbono marino: teniendo en cuenta los múltiples
Alexandra Z Worden1, Michael J Follows2, Stephen J Giovannoni3
1Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. Integrated Microbial Biodiversity Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. azworden@mbari.org.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 14, 2015
Resumen
Los protistas marinos, más allá de la fotosíntesis, impactan significativamente el ciclo global del carbono a través de comportamientos complejos. La comprensión de estos eucariotas unicelulares es crucial para los modelos climáticos precisos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología microbiana marina ecología microbiana marina.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Sus antecedentes:
- El plancton marino, especialmente los microbios fotosintéticos, son clave para el ciclo global del carbono.
- Los eucariotas unicelulares (protistas) exhiben comportamientos e interacciones complejas más allá de la fotosíntesis, desafiando los modelos actuales del ciclo del carbono.
- Los datos del genoma por sí solos son insuficientes para comprender las actividades del protistán debido a proteínas desconocidas y estrategias complejas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar los diversos modos tróficos de los protistas marinos.
- Para investigar sus influencias biogeoquímicas más amplias en los ecosistemas marinos.
- Evaluar métodos para comprender los roles de los protistones e integrarlos en la biología de los ecosistemas.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre los modos tróficos del protistán y las funciones ecológicas.
- Análisis de datos genómicos y proteómicos para inferir capacidades funcionales.
- Exploración de enfoques de modelado para vincular la actividad del protistán con los factores ambientales.
Principales resultados:
- Los protistas participan en estrategias de alimentación variadas (fagotropía, heterotropía) que influyen significativamente en las redes alimentarias marinas.
- Sus actividades tienen impactos sustanciales, aunque a menudo no cuantificados, en el ciclo del carbono y los nutrientes.
- Los métodos de investigación actuales luchan por capturar completamente la complejidad de las funciones ecológicas del protistán.
Conclusiones:
- Los protistas son jugadores críticos y multifacéticos en los ciclos biogeoquímicos marinos, lo que requiere un estudio avanzado.
- La integración del comportamiento y la fisiología del protistán en los modelos de ecosistemas es esencial para las predicciones precisas del ciclo global del carbono.
- Se requiere más investigación que emplee enfoques multi-ómicos y a nivel de ecosistema para aclarar completamente las contribuciones de los protistán.
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