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Mortalidad en niños, adolescentes y adultos con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad: un estudio de

Søren Dalsgaard¹, Søren Dinesen Østergaard², James F Leckman³

¹National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research at Aarhus University (CIRRAU), Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway.

Lancet (London, England)

|March 2, 2015

Resumen

El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) está relacionado con tasas de mortalidad significativamente más altas, particularmente por accidentes. Los adultos diagnosticados con TDAH se enfrentan a un mayor riesgo, y las mujeres experimentan una mayor mortalidad que los hombres.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
La psiquiatría es la psiquiatría.
Salud Pública La salud pública.

Sus antecedentes:

El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del desarrollo neurológico prevalente.
El TDAH está asociado con condiciones que aumentan el riesgo de mortalidad, pero el impacto independiente del TDAH en la mortalidad no está claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la asociación entre el TDAH y la mortalidad en una gran cohorte de población danesa.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó los registros nacionales daneses para seguir a 1.92 millones de personas (32.061 con TDAH) desde el nacimiento hasta 2013.
Empleó la regresión de Poisson para estimar las tasas de mortalidad ajustadas (MRR), controlando varios factores demográficos y familiares.

Principales resultados:

Los individuos con TDAH tenían una tasa de mortalidad 2.07 veces mayor (MRR=2.07) en comparación con aquellos sin TDAH.
Los accidentes fueron la principal causa de muerte. El riesgo de mortalidad fue más alto para las personas diagnosticadas con TDAH en la edad adulta (MRR = 4,25).
El TDAH se mantuvo asociado con un aumento de la mortalidad incluso después de excluir las comorbilidades, con tasas más altas en las mujeres.

Conclusiones:

El TDAH se asocia significativamente con un aumento de la mortalidad, principalmente debido a causas no naturales como los accidentes.
El TDAH diagnosticado en adultos conlleva un mayor riesgo de mortalidad que los diagnósticos infantiles o adolescentes.
El exceso de mortalidad en el TDAH persiste después de tener en cuenta las comorbilidades, afectando desproporcionadamente a las mujeres.

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