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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
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La complejación de los polioxometalatos con las ciclodextrinas.

Yilei Wu1, Rufei Shi1,2, Yi-Lin Wu1

  • 1†Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 11, 2015
PubMed
Resumen

Este estudio demuestra la complicación inesperada de los polioxometalatos (POM) dentro de las ciclodextrinas (CD), formando materiales híbridos orgánicos-inorgánicos estables. Estos complejos POM-CD exhiben estructuras únicas y propiedades redox preservadas en solución, abriendo caminos para la funcionalización de POM.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química supramolecular de las moléculas.
  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Química Inorgánica La Química Inorgánica es la química inorgánica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La complejación de huéspedes hidrófilos dentro de huéspedes hidrofóbicos es típicamente un desafío.
  • Los polioxometalatos (POM) son grupos inorgánicos versátiles con diversas aplicaciones.
  • Las ciclodextrinas (CD) son moléculas huésped bien establecidas en la química supramolecular.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la complejación de un polioxometalato ([PMo12O40](3-)) con las gamma- y beta-ciclodextrinas (CDs).
  • Caracterizar la estructura y las propiedades de los complejos híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos resultantes.
  • Explorar el potencial de la química huésped-huésped para la funcionalización de los POM.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de los complejos 2:1 ciclodextrina-POM ([La(H2O) 9{[PMo12O40][γ-CD]2} y [La(H2O) 9{[PMo12O40][β-CD]2}).
  • Análisis estructural utilizando difracción de rayos X de un solo cristal.
  • Investigación del comportamiento de la solución a través de la espectroscopia de RMN, la dispersión de rayos X y la espectrometría de masas.
  • Estudios electroquímicos para evaluar las propiedades redox.

Principales resultados:

  • Formación de dos complejos híbridos orgánicos-inorgánicos 2:1 estables en estado sólido.
  • La difracción de rayos X de un solo cristal reveló una estructura tipo sándwich con POM encapsulado por dos CD a través de interacciones C-H···OMo.
  • Los complejos forman superestructuras columnares 1D en estado sólido a través de interacciones O-H···O.
  • Evidencia de efectos de nanoconfinamiento y cambios de color lentos en la solución acuosa.
  • Los POM encapsulados conservan en gran medida sus propiedades redox en solución.

Conclusiones:

  • Se demostró la complejación exitosa de un POM hidrófilo dentro de CDs hidrofóbicos, desafiando suposiciones anteriores.
  • La complementariedad supramolecular permite la formación de materiales híbridos bien definidos con potencial para la funcionalización.
  • La química anfitrión-invitado ofrece un enfoque suave para modificar las propiedades y aplicaciones de POM.