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Transmisión intergeneracional de abuso y abandono infantil: ¿verdadero o sesgo de detección?

Cathy Spatz Widom¹, Sally J Czaja², Kimberly A DuMont³

¹Psychology Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA. cwidom@jjay.cuny.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 28, 2015

Resumen

Los antecedentes de abuso infantil aumentan el riesgo de informes de malos tratos, pero no necesariamente la perpetración. Los hijos de padres abusados enfrentan mayores riesgos de negligencia y abuso sexual, aunque los sesgos de notificación pueden influir en estos hallazgos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología Psicología Psicología.
Sociología Sociología Sociología.
Criminología de la Criminología.

Sus antecedentes:

Existe una literatura contradictoria sobre la transmisión intergeneracional del abuso infantil.
Los estudios anteriores carecen de datos prospectivos a largo plazo sobre los ciclos de abuso y negligencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la transmisión intergeneracional de abuso y negligencia infantil durante 30 años.
Examinar la influencia de la fuente de información en la evaluación del maltrato.

Principales métodos:

Estudio prospectivo de seguimiento de 30 años. estudio prospectivo de seguimiento de 30 años.
Entrevistas con individuos con historias documentadas de abuso / negligencia infantil y comparaciones coincidentes.
Evaluación de malos tratos a través de los registros del servicio de protección infantil (CPS) y los informes de sí mismo / no-padre / descendiente.

Principales resultados:

Las personas con antecedentes de abuso infantil tenían tasas más altas de informes de CPS por maltrato infantil.
No hay diferencias significativas en el auto-reporte de abuso físico y sexual en comparación con los controles.
Los descendientes de padres con antecedentes de abuso eran más propensos a reportar abuso sexual, negligencia y preocupación de CPS.

Conclusiones:

La transmisión intergeneracional de malos tratos es compleja y depende de la fuente de denuncia.
Los descendientes corren un mayor riesgo de negligencia y abuso sexual, pero el sesgo en los informes de CPS puede inflar estas cifras.

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