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Una batería de iones de aluminio recargable ultrarrápida
Meng-Chang Lin1, Ming Gong2, Bingan Lu3
11] Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan.
Nature
|April 8, 2015
Resumen
Este estudio presenta una batería de aluminio recargable de alto rendimiento utilizando un cátodo de espuma grafítica. La nueva batería ofrece una plataforma de descarga estable de 2 voltios, carga rápida y una vida útil excepcional para aplicaciones de almacenamiento de energía.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La electroquímica es electroquímica.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Almacenamiento de energía Almacenamiento de energía
Sus antecedentes:
- Las baterías recargables de aluminio prometen bajo costo y seguridad, pero se enfrentan a desafíos como la desintegración del cátodo y el bajo voltaje.
- Las investigaciones anteriores lucharon con una vida útil de ciclo pobre y una disminución de la capacidad, lo que obstaculizó las aplicaciones prácticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar una batería de aluminio recargable de alta velocidad que supere las limitaciones de los sistemas anteriores.
- Investigar un nuevo sistema de aluminio-grafito para mejorar el rendimiento del almacenamiento de energía.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un ánodo de metal de aluminio y un cátodo tridimensional de espuma grafítica.
- Empleó un electrolito líquido iónico no inflamable para el funcionamiento de la batería.
- Investigó la deposición electroquímica / disolución del aluminio y la intercalación de aniones en el grafito.
Principales resultados:
- Logró una meseta de tensión de descarga estable cerca de 2 voltios.
- Demostró una capacidad específica de aproximadamente 70 mAh g-1 con un 98% de eficiencia coulombina.
- Se informó de una carga rápida en aproximadamente un minuto (~ 4.000 mA g-1) y más de 7.500 ciclos sin pérdida de capacidad.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema de baterías de aluminio-grafito desarrollado ofrece una capacidad de alta velocidad y una larga vida útil.
- El cátodo de espuma grafítica facilita la difusión rápida de aniones, lo que permite una carga rápida.
- Este avance presenta una alternativa viable para las soluciones avanzadas de almacenamiento de energía.
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