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La acidificación de los océanos y la extinción masiva del Permo-Triásico.

M O Clarkson1, S A Kasemann2, R A Wood3

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La acidificación del océano por el volcanismo de las trampas siberianas probablemente causó la extinción masiva del Pérmico-Triásico. Un nuevo estudio revela una rápida caída del pH durante el segundo pulso de extinción, impactando la vida marina.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
  • La geoquímica marina es la geoquímica marina.
  • Los eventos de extinción masiva son eventos de extinción masiva.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La extinción masiva del límite Pérmico-Triásico es un evento importante en la historia de la Tierra.
  • El volcanismo de las trampas siberianas es un presunto desencadenante, posiblemente a través de la acidificación de los océanos.
  • La evidencia directa de este evento de acidificación ha sido escasa.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para reconstruir un registro de pH de alta resolución del agua de mar a través de la frontera Pérmico-Triásico.
  • Para investigar el papel de la acidificación del océano en la extinción masiva.
  • Para vincular los eventos de inyección de carbono a los cambios en la química del océano.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizaron datos de isótopos de boro de los archivos marinos.
  • Empleó un enfoque de modelado cuantitativo para interpretar datos geoquímicos.
  • Descubrimientos geoquímicos correlacionados con líneas de tiempo de eventos paleoclimáticos y de extinción.

Principales resultados:

  • El último Pérmico mostró una alta alcalinidad oceánica y un bajo CO2 atmosférico.
  • La primera fase de extinción coincidió con un pH oceánico estable a pesar de la lenta inyección de carbono.
  • Una rápida y grande inyección de carbono durante el segundo pulso de extinción causó la acidificación abrupta de los océanos.

Conclusiones:

  • La acidificación de los océanos, impulsada por la rápida liberación de carbono del volcanismo Siberian Traps, fue un mecanismo clave para la extinción masiva del Pérmico-Triásico.
  • Los organismos marinos fuertemente calcificados eran particularmente vulnerables a la disminución del pH.
  • El estudio proporciona evidencia geoquímica directa de un evento de acidificación durante esta extinción.