Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Apr 15, 2026
10:24
Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface
Published on: July 4, 2018
12.4K
Las bacterias autóctonas de la microbiota intestinal regulan la biosíntesis de la serotonina del huésped.
Jessica M Yano1, Kristie Yu1, Gregory P Donaldson1
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Cell
|April 11, 2015
Resumen
Los microbios intestinales, específicamente las bacterias formadoras de esporas, regulan la producción de serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina, 5-HT) en el tracto gastrointestinal. Esta interacción influye en la fisiología del huésped, incluyendo la motilidad intestinal y la función plaquetaria.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Gastroenterología y Gastroenterología.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El tracto gastrointestinal alberga una porción significativa de la serotonina del cuerpo (5-hidroxitriptamina, 5-HT).
- Los mecanismos que rigen el metabolismo de la 5-HT derivada del intestino no se comprenden completamente.
- El papel de la microbiota intestinal en la regulación del huésped 5-HT sigue siendo un área de investigación activa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de la microbiota intestinal en la regulación del metabolismo de la serotonina (5-HT) del huésped.
- Para identificar factores microbianos específicos que influyen en la biosíntesis de 5-HT en el tracto gastrointestinal.
- Para comprender el impacto fisiológico de la regulación de 5-HT dependiente de la microbiota.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó el papel de las bacterias indígenas formadoras de esporas (Sp) de microbiota de ratones y humanos.
- Se evaluó la biosíntesis de 5-HT de las células enterocromafinas del colon (ECs) en respuesta a estímulos microbianos.
- Se analizaron los metabolitos fecales y su efecto sobre los niveles de 5-HT in vitro y en ratones libres de gérmenes.
- Se evaluó el impacto del 5-HT dependiente de la microbiota en la motilidad gastrointestinal y la función plaquetaria.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió que las bacterias formadoras de esporas (Sp) promueven la biosíntesis de 5-HT de las células enterocromafinas del colon (EC).
- Se demostró que los efectos dependientes de la microbiota en el 5-HT intestinal tienen un impacto significativo en la fisiología del huésped, modulando la motilidad GI y la función plaquetaria.
- Se identificaron metabolitos fecales específicos, aumentados por Sp, que elevan el 5-HT en cultivos celulares de cromafina, lo que indica una señalización microbiana directa a las EC.
- El aumento de las concentraciones luminales de determinados metabolitos microbianos aumentó el 5-HT del colon y la sangre en ratones libres de gérmenes.
Conclusiones:
- Las bacterias formadoras de esporas son reguladores críticos del metabolismo de la serotonina (5-HT) del huésped en el intestino.
- Las interacciones huésped-microbiota juegan un papel fundamental en la regulación de los procesos biológicos que involucran 5-HT.
- Los metabolitos microbianos señalan directamente a las células enterocromafinas, influyendo en los niveles sistémicos de 5-HT y la fisiología del huésped.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:18Functions of the Gut Microbiota
89
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
89
01:22Gut-Brain Axis
122
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
122
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
2.0K
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
2.0K
01:27Microbiota of the Large Intestine
77
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
77
01:27Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine
60
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
60
01:22Probiotics
231
Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
231