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Galaxias activas. Un fuerte campo magnético en la base del chorro de un agujero negro supermasivo
Ivan Martí-Vidal1, Sébastien Muller2, Wouter Vlemmings2
1Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992, Onsala, Sweden. mivan@chalmers.se.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 18, 2015
Resumen
Los investigadores detectaron fuertes campos magnéticos en la base de los chorros de núcleos galácticos activos (AGN) utilizando el Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Este hallazgo ofrece nuevos conocimientos sobre cómo se forman y guían estos poderosos chorros cósmicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- Los campos magnéticos cósmicos son campos magnéticos cósmicos.
- Núcleos Galácticos Activos (AGN, por sus siglas en inglés)
Sus antecedentes:
- Los núcleos galácticos activos (AGN) son alimentados por la acreción de materia en los agujeros negros supermasivos.
- Los chorros salientes de los AGN son fenómenos energéticos, pero sus mecanismos de formación y guía son inciertos.
- Se supone que los campos magnéticos juegan un papel crítico en la formación y colimación de los chorros de AGN.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de los campos magnéticos en la formación y colimación de los chorros de AGN.
- Para detectar y caracterizar los campos magnéticos en la base de un jet AGN.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) para observar el lejano AGN PKS 1830-211.
- Se detectó una señal de polarización, específicamente la rotación de Faraday, indicativa de la presencia de un campo magnético.
- Se mide la medida de rotación, que es proporcional a la integral de la intensidad del campo magnético y la densidad de electrones a lo largo de la línea de visión.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha detectado una señal de polarización significativa (rotación de Faraday) en la base de chorro del AGN PKS 1830-211.
- Derivó medidas de alta rotación, lo que sugiere la presencia de fuertes campos magnéticos.
- Fuerzas de campo magnético inferidas de al menos decenas de Gauss en escalas de aproximadamente días-luz (0,01 parsec) desde el agujero negro.
Conclusiones:
- Fuertes campos magnéticos están presentes en la base de los chorros de AGN.
- Estos campos magnéticos probablemente juegan un papel crucial en la formación y guía de los poderosos chorros observados desde los núcleos galácticos activos.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia directa que apoya el origen magnético de los chorros de AGN.
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