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Evolución de las galaxias. Evidencia de protuberancias maduras y una fase de apagado de adentro hacia afuera 3 mil

S Tacchella¹, C M Carollo¹, A Renzini²

¹Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. sandro.tacchella@phys.ethz.ch marcella.carollo@phys.ethz.ch.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 18, 2015

Resumen

Las galaxias masivas apagan la formación de estrellas de adentro hacia afuera. Este proceso toma menos de mil millones de años en el núcleo y unos cuantos miles de millones de años en los discos exteriores, lo que explica la evolución de la galaxia.

Área de la Ciencia:

La astronomía galáctica es la astronomía galáctica.
Evolución de la galaxia Evolución de la galaxia.
Formación Estelar Cósmica de las Estrellas.

Sus antecedentes:

Las galaxias masivas (≥10^11 masas solares) son típicamente esferoides quiescentes hoy en día.
Hace diez mil millones de años, galaxias similares tenían altas tasas de formación estelar (cientos de masas solares / año).
Se debaten los mecanismos y las escalas de tiempo del apagado de la formación estelar.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo cesa la formación de estrellas en galaxias masivas.
Determinar las escalas de tiempo de apagado.
Relaciona el enfriamiento con la formación de esferoides densos.

Principales métodos:

Masa estelar medida y tasa de formación estelar densidad de la superficie.
Analizó las galaxias de formación estelar con desplazamiento al rojo z=2.2.2.
Utilizó imágenes de resolución de ~1 kiloparsec.

Principales resultados:

La formación estelar se apaga "de adentro hacia afuera" en las galaxias más masivas.
Las regiones interiores se apagan en menos de mil millones de años.
Los discos exteriores se apagan en unos pocos miles de millones de años.
Las galaxias masivas en z=2.2 muestran núcleos apagados y discos externos activos.

Conclusiones:

El modelo de extinción de adentro hacia afuera explica la transición de las galaxias masivas.
El enfriamiento es un proceso rápido en los núcleos galácticos, más lento en los discos.
Este proceso concilia la existencia de protuberancias apagadas con la formación estelar en curso en los discos exteriores.

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