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Ecología vegetal. ecología vegetal. Los cambios ambientales antropogénicos afectan la estabilidad del ecosistema a
Yann Hautier1, David Tilman2, Forest Isbell3
1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. yann.hautier@plants.ox.ac.uk.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 18, 2015
Resumen
Los cambios ambientales afectan la productividad y la estabilidad de los ecosistemas. La pérdida de biodiversidad, independientemente de la causa, disminuye significativamente la estabilidad del ecosistema, lo que sugiere que la biodiversidad es clave para la resiliencia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
- Investigación de la biodiversidad Investigación de la biodiversidad.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las actividades humanas están alterando los ecosistemas de la Tierra, afectando la biodiversidad, la productividad y la estabilidad.
- Los vínculos causales entre estas propiedades del ecosistema y los factores ambientales no se comprenden completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las relaciones entre los cambios ambientales antropogénicos, la biodiversidad, la productividad del ecosistema y la estabilidad.
- Determinar qué factores ambientales tienen un impacto más significativo en la estabilidad del ecosistema.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de 12 experimentos plurianuales que manipulan los factores antropogénicos clave (por ejemplo, diversidad de plantas, nitrógeno, CO2, fuego, herbívoros, agua).
- Evaluar la influencia de cada factor en la productividad del ecosistema.
- Cuantificar el impacto de los impulsores en la biodiversidad y los efectos subsiguientes en la estabilidad de la productividad del ecosistema.
Principales resultados:
- Todos los factores probados influyeron en la productividad del ecosistema.
- Solo los factores que alteraron la biodiversidad afectaron la estabilidad de la productividad del ecosistema.
- Una disminución en la riqueza de especies vegetales condujo a una reducción consistente en la estabilidad del ecosistema, independientemente del factor causante de la pérdida de biodiversidad.
Conclusiones:
- La biodiversidad es un factor crítico para mantener la estabilidad del ecosistema.
- Los cambios en la biodiversidad impulsados por factores ambientales juegan un papel importante en la forma en que los ecosistemas responden al cambio global.
- Comprender estos vínculos entre la biodiversidad y la estabilidad es crucial para predecir la resiliencia de los ecosistemas.
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