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División bacteriana. división bacteriana. La propagación mecánica de las grietas impulsa la separación de células
Xiaoxue Zhou1, David K Halladin2, Enrique R Rojas3
1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 2, 2015
Resumen
Staphylococcus aureus se separa rápidamente en células hijas por "popping" debido a la tensión de la pared celular. Este proceso ultrarrápido implica la propagación mecánica de grietas en el anillo periférico que conecta las células.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- La biofísica es la biofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Staphylococcus aureus se somete a citocinesis, formando dos células hijas conectadas por un anillo periférico.
- El mecanismo y la dinámica de esta separación celular no se comprenden completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos físicos que impulsan la rápida separación de las células hijas de Staphylococcus aureus.
- Para analizar el papel de la tensión de la pared celular y la falla mecánica en la citoquinesis.
Principales métodos:
- Observación de la dinámica de separación celular utilizando imágenes de alta velocidad.
- Análisis de los cambios de volumen celular durante la separación.
- Aplicación de un modelo elastostático a la pared celular.
- Examen microscópico del anillo periférico para detectar puntos de falla.
Principales resultados:
- Separación de células hijas, denominada separación de células hijas.
- Haciendo estallar el estallido.
- , se produce en milisegundos sin cambios significativos en el volumen.
- La probabilidad de separación se correlaciona con el estrés de la pared celular, lo que resulta en la división asimétrica y la formación de bisagras.
- El modelado elastostático revela una alta tensión circunferencial en el anillo periférico.
- Se identificaron puntos de falla mecánica iniciales, observados como pequeñas perforaciones, en el anillo periférico.
Conclusiones:
- La separación ultra rápida de células hijas en Staphylococcus aureus es impulsada por la acumulación de estrés en el anillo periférico.
- El proceso exhibe características de propagación mecánica de grietas.
- La mecánica de la pared celular juega un papel crítico en la citocinesis bacteriana y la división celular.
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