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Pérdida de masa del glaciar. pérdida de masa del glaciar. El adelgazamiento dinámico de los glaciares en la península

B Wouters¹, A Martin-Español², V Helm³

¹Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. bert.wouters@bristol.ac.uk.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 23, 2015

Resumen

Las plataformas de hielo de la Península Antártica Meridional se están desestabilizando, perdiendo 56 gigatoneladas de hielo anualmente desde 2009. Esta rápida pérdida de masa de hielo, impulsada por el calentamiento de los océanos, contribuye significativamente al aumento global del nivel del mar.

Área de la Ciencia:

Glaciología glaciología.
Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima

Sus antecedentes:

El apuntalamiento de la plataforma de hielo es crucial para estabilizar el hielo interior, particularmente en el lecho rocoso por debajo del nivel del mar.
La Península Antártica Meridional tiene una geometría de la capa de hielo (piedra angular por debajo del nivel del mar, pendiente de profundización interior) propensa a la inestabilidad.
La pérdida de masa de hielo pasada en esta región estaba cerca del equilibrio.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la estabilidad de la capa de hielo de la Península Antártica Meridional.
Para cuantificar la pérdida reciente de masa de hielo e identificar los mecanismos de conducción.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de los datos de altimetría por satélite.
Análisis de las observaciones de la gravedad por satélite.

Principales resultados:

Una parte significativa de la Península Antártica del Sur se desestabilizó después de 2009.
Los glaciares que terminan con el mar aceleraron la pérdida de masa de hielo a -56 ± 8 gigatoneladas por año.
La aceleración fue generalizada y simultánea, lo que sugiere un conductor oceánico.

Conclusiones:

La capa de hielo de la Península Antártica Meridional está experimentando una rápida desestabilización.
El forzamiento oceánico es el conductor probable de esta pérdida acelerada de masa de hielo.
Esta región es uno de los principales contribuyentes al aumento del nivel del mar en la Antártida.

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