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Neurociencia cognitiva. ciencias cognitivas. Desaprender prejuicios sociales implícitos durante el sueño
Xiaoqing Hu1, James W Antony2, Jessica D Creery3
1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 30, 2015
Resumen
El sueño puede fortalecer el entrenamiento para reducir los prejuicios sociales inconscientes, como el prejuicio racial y de género. La reactivación de este entrenamiento contra estereotipos durante el sueño mejora y prolonga los efectos de reducción de sesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología Psicología Psicología.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Ciencia del sueño Ciencia del sueño Ciencia del sueño
Sus antecedentes:
- Los prejuicios sociales, como el prejuicio racial y de género implícito, pueden operar inconscientemente a pesar del respaldo consciente del igualitarismo.
- Comprender y mitigar estos sesgos es crucial para reducir las acciones dañinas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la eficacia de la reactivación de la memoria basada en el sueño para mejorar y mantener las reducciones en los sesgos sociales implícitos.
- Determinar si las etapas específicas del sueño contribuyen a la consolidación de la formación contra estereotipos.
Principales métodos:
- Cuarenta participantes se sometieron a un entrenamiento contra estereotipos dirigido a sesgos raciales y de género implícitos, con cada tipo de sesgo vinculado a una señal auditiva específica.
- Durante el sueño de ondas lentas, un tipo de sesgo entrenado fue señalado discretamente para facilitar la reactivación de la memoria.
- Los niveles de sesgo se evaluaron inmediatamente después del entrenamiento, después del sueño y una semana después.
Principales resultados:
- El entrenamiento contra estereotipos redujo significativamente los sesgos implícitos inmediatamente después del entrenamiento.
- La reducción del sesgo se mejoró significativamente y se mantuvo mejor para el sesgo inducido por el sueño en comparación con el sesgo no inducido.
- El efecto beneficioso de la reactivación basada en el sueño persistió durante una semana y se correlacionó con el tiempo empleado en el sueño de ondas lentas y el sueño de movimientos oculares rápidos.
Conclusiones:
- La reactivación de la memoria durante el sueño mejora efectivamente el entrenamiento contra estereotipos para reducir los prejuicios sociales implícitos.
- La consolidación y el mantenimiento a largo plazo de la reducción del sesgo dependen de los procesos del sueño, particularmente el sueño de ondas lentas y el sueño REM.
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