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El virus del dengue. La estructura cryo-EM de un anticuerpo que neutraliza el virus del dengue tipo 2 mediante el

Guntur Fibriansah¹, Kristie D Ibarra², Thiam-Seng Ng¹

¹Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 4, 2015

Resumen

Un nuevo anticuerpo monoclonal humano, 2D22, muestra un potencial terapéutico contra las infecciones graves por el virus del dengue al atacar el serotipo 2 del DENV. Las estructuras cryo-EM revelan cómo este anticuerpo neutraliza el virus, ofreciendo un objetivo potencial para nuevas vacunas y tratamientos contra el dengue.

Área de la Ciencia:

Virología Virología.
Inmunología Inmunología.
Biología Estructural Biología estructural.

Sus antecedentes:

El virus del dengue (DENV) tiene cuatro serotipos, y la infección previa puede mejorar las infecciones posteriores con otros serotipos.
La mejora dependiente de anticuerpos (ADE) plantea un desafío para las terapias y vacunas contra el dengue.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el potencial terapéutico de un anticuerpo monoclonal humano específico del serotipo 2 DENV (HMAb) 2D22.
Para aclarar la base estructural del mecanismo de neutralización de HMAb 2D22 contra DENV2.2.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó la criomicroscopia electrónica (cryo-EM) para determinar las estructuras de HMAb 2D22 en complejo con dos cepas DENV2.
Para evaluar la eficacia terapéutica se empleó un modelo de ratón de la enfermedad severa del dengue mejorada con anticuerpos.

Principales resultados:

HMAb 2D22 demostró eficacia terapéutica en un modelo de ratón de dengue severo mejorado con anticuerpos.
Las estructuras cryo-EM revelaron que HMAb 2D22 se une a través de las proteínas de la envoltura DENV2 (E) en la estructura dimérica.
Esta unión probablemente inhibe la reorganización de la proteína E esencial para la fusión del virus, "bloqueando" efectivamente los dímeros virales.

Conclusiones:

HMAb 2D22 es un prometedor candidato terapéutico para la enfermedad severa de dengue mejorada por anticuerpos.
El epitopo identificado dirigido por HMAb 2D22 representa un objetivo potencial para el desarrollo de nuevas vacunas y terapias contra el dengue.

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