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Ensamblaje transitorio de materiales activos alimentados por una reacción química
Job Boekhoven1, Wouter E Hendriksen1, Ger J M Koper1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, Netherlands.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 5, 2015
Resumen
Las moléculas sintéticas forman materiales activos transitorios impulsados por combustible químico, imitando la organización celular. Estos materiales dinámicos exhiben comportamientos parecidos a la vida, con propiedades controladas por las tasas de reacción y el combustible, no el equilibrio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Autoensamblaje biomolecular
- Física de la materia activa
- Biología sintética
Sus antecedentes:
- La organización celular se basa en el autoensamblaje impulsado por el combustible de filamentos de actina y microtúbulos.
- Estos ensamblajes biológicos existen lejos del equilibrio termodinámico, a diferencia de los sistemas sintéticos típicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar sobre el autoensamblaje transitorio de moléculas sintéticas en materiales activos.
- Para demostrar la dinámica impulsada por el combustible en los sistemas sintéticos que imitan los procesos biológicos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó moléculas sintéticas diseñadas para el autoensamblaje impulsado por combustible.
- Investigó la influencia de las velocidades de reacción y los niveles de combustible en las propiedades del material.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha logrado el autoensamblaje transitorio de moléculas sintéticas en materiales activos.
- Se ha demostrado que las propiedades del material (tiempo de vida, rigidez, autoregeneración) se rigen por la cinética de la reacción y la disponibilidad de combustible.
- Comportamientos no lineales observados como colapso estocástico y crecimiento / contracción simultánea en fibras sintéticas.
Conclusiones:
- Los materiales activos sintéticos pueden ser diseñados para exhibir dinámicas transitorias similares a la vida.
- El autoensamblaje impulsado por combustible ofrece un nuevo paradigma para crear materiales sintéticos dinámicos.
- Este enfoque proporciona información sobre los principios de la autoorganización biológica.
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