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La revitalización del sumidero de carbono del Océano Austral
Peter Landschützer1, Nicolas Gruber2, F Alexander Haumann2
1Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 12, 2015
Resumen
El sumidero de carbono del Océano Austral, crucial para absorber el dióxido de carbono (CO2) causado por el hombre, ha recuperado fuerza desde 2002. Este vital sumidero de carbono oceánico muestra variaciones dinámicas y decenales, contrariamente a las suposiciones anteriores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La oceanografía
- Ciencias del clima
- Investigación del ciclo del carbono
Sus antecedentes:
- El Océano Austral es el principal sumidero oceánico de dióxido de carbono antropogénico (CO2).
- Investigaciones anteriores indicaron un debilitamiento del sumidero de carbono en esta región en las últimas décadas.
- Comprender la dinámica de esta absorción de CO2 es fundamental para el modelado del cambio climático.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las tendencias en la fuerza del sumidero de carbono del Océano Austral.
- Para determinar si la tendencia de debilitamiento previamente observada se ha invertido.
- Investigar los factores que influyen en las variaciones decenales en el ciclo del carbono oceánico.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis multidecenal de las observaciones de CO2 en la superficie del océano.
- Evaluación de la resistencia del sumidero de carbono en diferentes sectores del Océano Austral.
- Correlación con el crecimiento atmosférico de CO2 y los patrones de circulación.
Principales resultados:
- La tendencia de debilitamiento del sumidero de carbono del Océano Austral cesó alrededor de 2002.
- En 2012, el sumidero de carbono se había recuperado a su fuerza esperada, alineándose con el crecimiento de CO2 atmosférico.
- Los tres sectores del Océano Austral contribuyeron a esta recuperación, con variaciones de proceso específicas del sector vinculadas a la circulación atmosférica.
Conclusiones:
- El sumidero de carbono del Océano Austral ha mostrado una recuperación significativa en fuerza.
- El ciclo de carbono oceánico en el Océano Austral es más dinámico y variable en escalas de tiempo decenales de lo que se entendía anteriormente.
- Este comportamiento dinámico tiene implicaciones para las proyecciones climáticas futuras y las evaluaciones del presupuesto de carbono.
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