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DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

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In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
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DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

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In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
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Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

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DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

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Overview of DNA Repair02:25

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

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Descifrando la respuesta al daño del ADN

James E Haber1

  • 1Department of Biology and Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.

Cell
|September 12, 2015
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Evelyn Witkin y Stephen Elledge ganaron el premio Lasker por su trabajo innovador en la respuesta al daño del ADN. Su investigación de más de 40 años ha iluminado cómo las células reparan el ADN, un proceso fundamental para la vida.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología molecular
  • La genética
  • Biología celular

Sus antecedentes:

  • La respuesta al daño del ADN (DDR) es crucial para mantener la integridad genómica.
  • Comprender el DDR es vital para comprender el desarrollo del cáncer y el envejecimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para honrar a los pioneros en la investigación de la respuesta al daño del ADN.
  • Para resaltar la importancia de los descubrimientos biológicos fundamentales.
  • Para reconocer más de 40 años de contribuciones científicas.

Principales métodos:

  • Décadas de investigación molecular y genética.
  • Elucidación de las vías de señalización clave.
  • Caracterización de los mecanismos de reparación del ADN.

Principales resultados:

  • Identificó los componentes críticos de la respuesta al daño del ADN.
  • Reveló cómo las células detectan y señalan el daño del ADN.
  • Conocimiento básico establecido en la reparación del ADN.

Conclusiones:

  • El trabajo de Witkin y Elledge transformó el campo de la reparación del ADN.
  • Sus descubrimientos tienen profundas implicaciones para la investigación y el tratamiento del cáncer.
  • Este premio reconoce su impacto duradero en la ciencia médica básica.