Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 5, 2026
06:44
Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
Published on: June 23, 2009
19.6K
Oxycodone para el dolor del cáncer en pacientes adultos
Mia Schmidt-Hansen1, Michael I Bennett2, Jennifer Hilgart3
1National Collaborating Centre for Cancer, Wales, United Kingdom.
JAMA
|September 23, 2015
Resumen
La oxicodona no mostró un mejor alivio del dolor del cáncer o menos efectos secundarios que otros opiáceos fuertes como la morfina. Las pruebas que respaldaban este hallazgo eran de baja calidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Tratamiento del dolor
- Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- El dolor por cáncer es un desafío significativo en la atención al paciente.
- La analgesia efectiva es crucial para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer.
- Los opiáceos fuertes se usan comúnmente para el dolor moderado a severo del cáncer.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar la eficacia y la seguridad de la oxicodona frente a otros analgésicos fuertes para el dolor por cáncer.
- Evaluar si la oxicodona ofrece un alivio superior del dolor y un mejor perfil de eventos adversos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática y metanálisis de ensayos controlados aleatorios.
- La inclusión de estudios que comparan la oxicodona con otros opiáceos fuertes (por ejemplo, morfina, oximorfona).
- Evaluación de las puntuaciones de dolor y la incidencia de eventos adversos.
Principales resultados:
- No se encontró que la oxicodona fuera superior a otros opiáceos fuertes en términos de alivio del dolor.
- No se observó diferencia significativa en la ocurrencia de eventos adversos entre la oxicodona y los opiáceos fuertes alternativos.
- La calidad general de las pruebas se evaluó como baja.
Conclusiones:
- La oxicodona no se asocia con una eficacia superior o una seguridad mejorada en comparación con otros opiáceos fuertes para el dolor por cáncer.
- Se necesita más investigación de alta calidad para establecer definitivamente los perfiles comparativos de eficacia y seguridad.
- La evidencia actual sugiere resultados comparables entre la oxicodona y alternativas como la morfina.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:29Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones
15.4K
Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
15.4K
01:25Analgesia and Pain Management
3.4K
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
3.4K
01:20Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
1.7K
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
1.7K
01:17Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents
1.0K
Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
1.0K
01:28Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
827
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...
827
01:21Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
1.1K
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
1.1K