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Una puerta lógica de dos qubits en silicio

M Veldhorst1, C H Yang1, J C C Hwang1

  • 1Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.

Nature
|October 6, 2015
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores demuestran una puerta lógica de dos qubits de alta fidelidad utilizando giros únicos en puntos cuánticos de silicio. Este avance en la computación cuántica escalable permite operaciones cruciales de fase controlada para algoritmos cuánticos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica
  • Física del estado sólido
  • Ciencia de la información cuántica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La computación cuántica escalable exige qubits de alta fidelidad y puertas lógicas universales.
  • Las tecnologías de qubits existentes se enfrentan a desafíos para lograr puertas de dos qubits de alta fidelidad en sistemas de estado sólido adecuados para la fabricación.
  • Los sistemas de semiconductores luchan con el acoplamiento y la desfase de qubits, lo que limita su aplicación en la computación cuántica.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para presentar una nueva puerta lógica de dos qubits realizada en un sistema de puntos cuánticos de silicio.
  • Demostrar la viabilidad de puertas de dos qubits de alta fidelidad utilizando la interacción de intercambio en qubits de semiconductores.
  • Avanzar en el desarrollo de hardware de computación cuántica escalable y fabricable.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizando espines individuales en el silicio enriquecido isotópicamente dentro de un sistema de puntos cuánticos.
  • Implementar operaciones de un solo y dos qubits a través de la interacción de intercambio, como lo propuso Loss-DiVincenzo.
  • Utilizando un control directo de la tensión de la puerta para la direccionabilidad de un solo qubit y una interacción de intercambio conmutable para las puertas de fase controlada.
  • Realizar una lectura independiente de ambos qubits para verificar el rendimiento de la puerta.

Principales resultados:

  • Realización exitosa de puertas CNOT a través de operaciones de fase controlada y manipulaciones de un solo qubit.
  • Demostración de una interacción de intercambio conmutable que permita un control preciso de las operaciones de dos qubits.
  • Medición de anticorrelaciones claras en las probabilidades de dos giros, confirmando la fidelidad de la puerta CNOT.
  • Logró puertas de dos qubits de alta fidelidad en un sistema de estado sólido fabricable a través de litografía estándar.

Conclusiones:

  • El sistema de puntos cuánticos de silicio presentado ofrece una plataforma prometedora para la computación cuántica escalable.
  • Este trabajo supera las limitaciones anteriores para lograr puertas de dos qubits de alta fidelidad en computadoras cuánticas basadas en semiconductores.
  • La tecnología de puerta desarrollada allana el camino para construir procesadores cuánticos robustos y tolerantes a fallos.