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El chicle de nicotina frente al chicle placebo en la práctica médica general

J R Hughes¹, S W Gust, R M Keenan

¹Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington.

|March 3, 1989

Resumen

La goma de mascar de nicotina mostró un beneficio mínimo para dejar de fumar en un entorno de práctica general. Los fumadores que recibieron chicle de nicotina o chicle de placebo tuvieron tasas de abandono similares después de 11 meses.

Área de la Ciencia:

Medicina de la adicción Medicina de la adicción
Salud Pública La salud pública.
Práctica general Práctica general

Sus antecedentes:

Las intervenciones para dejar de fumar son cruciales para la salud pública.
La terapia de reemplazo de nicotina (TRN) es una ayuda común para dejar de fumar.
La efectividad de la TRN en poblaciones diversas y no seleccionadas necesita evaluación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para evaluar la efectividad de la goma de nicotina frente a la goma de placebo para dejar de fumar.
Evaluar el impacto de la goma de mascar de nicotina en un entorno de práctica médica general con una breve intervención.

Principales métodos:

Un ensayo aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo en el que participaron 315 fumadores.
Los participantes recibieron breves consejos médicos / enfermeras, materiales educativos y una visita de seguimiento.
La intervención involucró ya sea 2 mg de goma de nicotina o goma de placebo.

Principales resultados:

Después de 11 meses, el 10% del grupo de goma de nicotina y el 7% del grupo de placebo lograron una abstinencia continua verificada.
La diferencia en las tasas de abstinencia entre los grupos de nicotina y placebo no fue estadísticamente significativa.
Los ajustes por estado civil e ingresos no alteraron los hallazgos.

Conclusiones:

La goma de mascar de nicotina proporcionó un beneficio adicional mínimo o nulo para dejar de fumar en este grupo no seleccionado de fumadores.
Las intervenciones breves combinadas con chicle de nicotina en la práctica general pueden no mejorar significativamente las tasas de abandono.
Es posible que se necesite más investigación para identificar subgrupos específicos que se benefician más de la goma de mascar de nicotina.

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