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La erosión por un glaciar alpino

Frédéric Herman1, Olivier Beyssac2, Mattia Brughelli3

  • 1Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. frederic.herman@unil.ch.

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Las tasas de erosión glacial son proporcionales a la velocidad de deslizamiento del hielo al cuadrado, revelando una relación no lineal. Este hallazgo ayuda a explicar cómo los glaciares dan forma a los paisajes e impactan la sensibilidad a la erosión a factores como la pendiente y la precipitación.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Glaciología
  • Procesos de la superficie de la Tierra
  • Geomorfología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Comprender la erosión glacial es crucial para evaluar el impacto de la glaciación en la superficie de la Tierra.
  • El estudio de las interacciones entre hielo y roca en los glaciares es un desafío, lo que dificulta el desarrollo de la teoría de la erosión.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para cuantificar la relación entre las tasas de erosión glacial y la velocidad de deslizamiento del hielo.
  • Investigar las implicaciones de esta relación para la dinámica de la erosión glacial y la evolución del paisaje.

Principales métodos:

  • Variaciones espaciales cuantificadas en la velocidad de deslizamiento del hielo y las tasas de erosión.
  • Analizaron datos de un glaciar alpino de rápido flujo.

Principales resultados:

  • Demostró que la tasa de erosión glacial es proporcional al cuadrado de la velocidad de deslizamiento del hielo.
  • Identificó un comportamiento de erosión no lineal, lo que indica una alta sensibilidad a las variaciones de pendiente y precipitación topográficas.

Conclusiones:

  • La ley de tasa no lineal sugiere que la abrasión puede dominar la erosión en los glaciares de flujo rápido.
  • Este modelo puede explicar las variaciones observadas en las tasas de erosión glacial y el impacto de la glaciación en los paisajes montañosos.