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Observaciones de polvo en altitudes orbitales alrededor de Marte
L Andersson1, T D Weber2, D Malaspina2
1Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. laila.andersson@lasp.colorado.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 7, 2015
Resumen
Se han observado partículas de polvo interplanetario entrando en la atmósfera de Marte a gran altitud. Este descubrimiento desafía las suposiciones anteriores sobre el transporte de polvo e impacta nuestra comprensión del sistema solar interior.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias
- Ciencias atmosféricas
- Astrogeología
Sus antecedentes:
- El polvo prevalece cerca de la superficie de Marte, pero su presencia a grandes altitudes (>150 km) no se explica por los procesos atmosféricos conocidos.
- Los modelos anteriores no tenían en cuenta las concentraciones significativas de polvo a altitudes superiores a 150 kilómetros en Marte.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la presencia y el origen del polvo a gran altitud en la atmósfera marciana.
- Analizar las características de las partículas de polvo observadas y sus implicaciones para la dinámica del polvo interplanetario.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó la sonda Langmuir y el instrumento Wave a bordo de la nave espacial Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN).
- Los datos de distribución del polvo analizados desde 150 km hasta más de 1000 km de altitud.
- Comparación de datos de observación con las mediciones de laboratorio de las propiedades del polvo.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectó polvo a altitudes significativamente más altas de lo que se creía posible, desde 150 hasta más de 1000 km.
- Interpretó la distribución del polvo observado como indicativo de un origen interplanetario.
- Tamaño estimado de los granos de polvo entre 1 y 12 micrómetros, suponiendo una velocidad de ~18 km/s.
Conclusiones:
- Confirmó la presencia de polvo interplanetario entrando en la atmósfera marciana a gran altitud.
- Proporcionó evidencia directa que mejora la comprensión de las fuentes de polvo interplanetario, sumideros y transporte en el sistema solar interior.
- Destacó el impacto de este polvo en los procesos atmosféricos de Marte.
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