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La atmósfera lunar. Cómo la composición de la superficie y los impactos de meteoritos median el sodio y el potasio en
A Colaprete1, M Sarantos2, D H Wooden3
1Space Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA, USA. anthony.colaprete-1@nasa.gov.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 19, 2015
Resumen
El sodio y el potasio en la exosfera de la Luna muestran ciclos y variaciones distintas. Los impactos de meteoritos y la composición de la superficie influyen fuertemente en estos elementos, particularmente el potasio sobre las regiones KREEP.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias lunares
- Las atmósferas planetarias
- Composición de la exosfera
Sus antecedentes:
- El sodio y el potasio son gases traza en la exosfera lunar.
- Su emisión de líneas brillantes las hace fácilmente observables.
- Estudios previos sugirieron variaciones pero carecían de datos continuos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las variaciones temporales y espaciales de sodio y potasio en la exosfera lunar.
- Para determinar la influencia del bombardeo de meteoritos y la composición de la superficie.
- Para investigar el día lunar (mensual) y los ciclos anuales de estos elementos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos del espectrómetro ultravioleta y visible (UVS) en el Explorador de la atmósfera lunar y el ambiente de polvo (LADEE).
- Se analizaron las mediciones continuas de potasio y sodio.
- Abundancia exosférica correlacionada con la composición de la superficie lunar, incluidas las regiones KREEP.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron variaciones espaciales y temporales inequívocas en el sodio y el potasio lunares.
- Se han identificado ciclos mensuales distintos para ambas especies y un ciclo anual para el sodio.
- Las mediciones de potasio revelaron variaciones y mejoras repetibles en las regiones KREEP, lo que indica dependencia de la composición de la superficie.
Conclusiones:
- El bombardeo de meteoritos y la composición de la superficie son factores clave de la variabilidad de la exosfera lunar.
- La distribución del potasio está fuertemente vinculada a características específicas de la superficie como el KREEP.
- El monitoreo continuo proporciona información crucial sobre la dinámica exosférica y las interacciones de la superficie lunar.
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