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Competition

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Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity

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Los rasgos funcionales de las plantas tienen efectos globalmente coherentes en la competencia

Georges Kunstler^1,2,3, Daniel Falster³, David A Coomes⁴

¹Irstea, UR EMGR, 2 rue de la Papeterie BP-76, F-38402, St-Martin-d'Hères, France.

|December 25, 2015

Resumen

Los rasgos funcionales de las plantas como la densidad de la madera y el área de las hojas influyen en la competencia, afectando la forma en que las especies coexisten en los bosques a nivel mundial. Estos rasgos crean compensaciones entre el rendimiento con y sin competencia, impactando en la asamblea de la comunidad.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Biología vegetal
Ciencias forestales

Sus antecedentes:

Los rasgos fenotípicos afectan constantemente la fisiología de las plantas individuales.
La escala de estos efectos en la competencia interespecífica sigue sin estar clara.
La competencia es un factor clave para el ensamblaje de la comunidad de vegetación terrestre.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo los rasgos funcionales clave influyen en las interacciones competitivas en los árboles.
Determinar si los modelos de competencia basados en rasgos pueden generalizarse en los ecosistemas forestales globales.

Principales métodos:

Utilizamos datos de crecimiento de más de 3 millones de árboles en 140.000 parcelas globales.
Se analizó la influencia de la densidad de la madera, el área específica de la hoja y la altura máxima en las interacciones competitivas.

Principales resultados:

El crecimiento rápido se correlacionó negativamente con la densidad de la madera y positivamente con el área específica de la hoja en los biomas.
La baja densidad de la madera y el alto área específica de la hoja se asociaron con una capacidad y un efecto competitivos reducidos.
La competencia intraespecífica fue más fuerte que la competencia interespecífica.
La diferencia de rasgos mostró un impacto mínimo en el debilitamiento de la competencia interespecífica.

Conclusiones:

Los rasgos funcionales de las plantas crean compensaciones que influyen en la dinámica competitiva y la coexistencia de las especies.
Un enfoque basado en rasgos permite el modelado generalizado de la competencia en diversos bosques globales.