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Regulación reversible de la actividad enzimática accionada por pequeñas moléculas y controlada por la luz

Tian Tian¹, Yanyan Song¹, Jiaqi Wang¹

¹College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|January 8, 2016

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo interruptor molecular controlado por luz utilizando azobenzeno y ADN telomérico para regular de manera reversible la actividad enzimática. Este avance ofrece un preciso control espacio-temporal, demostrado por su aplicación en la coagulación de la sangre humana.

Área de la Ciencia:

La bioquímica
Biología molecular
Biotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

El ajuste fino de la actividad enzimática es crucial para las funciones celulares y del organismo.
La regulación de la luz de las proteínas ofrece un control espacio-temporal sobre la producción y degradación de enzimas.
El control de la actividad enzimática con interruptores moleculares activados por la luz a nivel de proteínas es un área de investigación emergente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar y demostrar un nuevo método para la regulación enzimática reversible controlada por luz.
Investigar el uso de pequeñas moléculas como interruptores moleculares activados por la luz para el control de la actividad enzimática.
Explorar la aplicación de esta tecnología en sistemas biológicos, como la coagulación de la sangre.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó un derivado de azobenzeno y ADN telomérico para el cambio basado en el reconocimiento molecular.
Se utiliza radiación UV (365 nm) y luz visible para inducir la interconversión trans-cis del derivado de azobenzeno.
Se aplicó espectroscopia de dicroísmo circular para confirmar los cambios estructurales en el ADN telomérico.
Probó la eficacia del sistema en el control de la coagulación de la sangre en el plasma humano.

Principales resultados:

Se ha demostrado con éxito la regulación reversible de la actividad enzimática controlada por la luz utilizando el interruptor molecular desarrollado.
Se confirman cambios estructurales inducidos por la luz (compactación y extensión) en el ADN telomérico.
Proporcionó evidencia directa de la funcionalidad del interruptor molecular a través del dicroísmo circular.
Demostró la aplicación práctica mediante el control eficaz de la coagulación de la sangre en el plasma humano.

Conclusiones:

Desarrolló un nuevo interruptor de encendido por luz basado en pequeñas moléculas para el control reversible de la actividad enzimática.
El sistema de ADN de telómeros de azobenzeno ofrece una regulación espacial y temporal precisa de la función de la enzima.
Esta estrategia tiene un potencial significativo para aplicaciones en biotecnología y medicina, incluido el control de la hemostasis.

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