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Una entrada del tálamo en el núcleo accumbens media la dependencia de opiáceos

Yingjie Zhu¹, Carl F R Wienecke¹, Gregory Nachtrab¹

¹Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

|February 4, 2016

Resumen

Los investigadores descubrieron una vía cerebral crucial para los síntomas de abstinencia de opiáceos. Dirigir el núcleo paraventricular del tálamo al circuito del núcleo accumbens puede ofrecer nuevos tratamientos para la adicción a los opiáceos.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Investigación de las adicciones

Sus antecedentes:

El uso crónico de opiáceos conduce a la dependencia y a la abstinencia severa.
El núcleo accumbens es clave en la recompensa de las drogas y la motivación de la abstinencia.
Comprender los circuitos del núcleo accumbens en la abstinencia es crucial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar las vías cerebrales en el núcleo accumbens involucrado en la abstinencia de opiáceos.
Investigar el papel del núcleo paraventricular del tálamo en la mediación de los síntomas de abstinencia.

Principales métodos:

Usó modelos de ratón de abstinencia de opiáceos.
Investigó el núcleo paraventricular del tálamo hacia el núcleo accumbens.
Empleó optogenética para manipular la actividad de la vía.
Plasticidad sináptica examinada y cambios en los receptores.

Principales resultados:

El núcleo paraventricular de la entrada del tálamo al núcleo accumbens media los signos físicos de abstinencia y la aversión.
El silenciamiento de esta vía redujo los síntomas de abstinencia en ratones.
La morfina aumentó la transmisión excitatoria a través de receptores AMPA específicos.
Reversión optogenética de la plasticidad suprimida por el retiro.

Conclusiones:

La plasticidad inducida por la morfina en el núcleo paraventricular del tálamo hacia el núcleo accumbens impulsa la dependencia de opiáceos.
La reprogramación de este circuito muestra potencial terapéutico para el tratamiento de la adicción a los opiáceos.

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