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Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
Published on: September 8, 2012
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Estructuras de un complejo de bucle R CRISPR-Cas9 preparado para la escisión del ADN
Fuguo Jiang1, David W Taylor2, Janice S Chen1
1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Resumen
La ingeniería del genoma CRISPR-Cas9 se basa en una estructura de bucle R para la escisión del ADN. Las estructuras moleculares revelan cómo esta estructura posiciona las hebras de ADN para un corte preciso por los dominios de la nucleasa Cas9.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología molecular
- La genética
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas CRISPR-Cas9 proporcionan inmunidad adaptativa bacteriana y son herramientas para la ingeniería genómica.
- El paso inicial implica el desenrollamiento del ADN guiado por ARN, formando una estructura de bucle R dentro de la proteína Cas9.
- El papel preciso del bucle R en el posicionamiento del ADN para la escisión por los dominios de la nucleasa de Cas9 sigue sin estar claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el papel estructural del bucle R en la escisión del ADN mediada por Cas9 de Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Comprender cómo el bucle R facilita el posicionamiento de las hebras de ADN para la actividad de la nucleasa.
Principales métodos:
- Determinación de las estructuras moleculares del complejo de lazo R de Cas9 catalíticamente activo.
- Análisis de las interacciones proteína-ADN dentro de la estructura del bucle R.
Principales resultados:
- La hebra de ADN desplazada se coloca cerca del sitio activo de la nucleasa RuvC.
- Las interacciones específicas proteína-ADN dentro del bucle R son esenciales para el posicionamiento del dominio de la nucleasa HNH.
- Cas9 induce una curvatura de 30° en la hélice de ADN, facilitando la formación de lazo R.
Conclusiones:
- La estructura de bucle R es crítica para orquestar la escisión del ADN por ambos dominios de la nucleasa Cas9.
- Las ideas estructurales revelan el mecanismo por el cual Cas9 se dirige con precisión y corta el ADN.
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