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Circuitos distintos para la formación y recuperación de una memoria olfativa impresa

Xin Jin¹, Navin Pokala¹, Cornelia I Bargmann¹

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Lulu and Anthony Wang Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.

|February 13, 2016

Resumen

Las primeras experiencias de vida en C. elegans crean recuerdos duraderos. Los gusanos recién nacidos expuestos a los patógenos desarrollan una aversión persistente, a diferencia de los adultos, destacando los períodos críticos de aprendizaje temprano.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Biología del comportamiento
Biología del desarrollo

Sus antecedentes:

Las experiencias de la vida temprana moldean profundamente los comportamientos y la memoria a largo plazo.
La estabilidad y los mecanismos de la formación de la memoria temprana no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los mecanismos subyacentes a la formación de la memoria de larga duración en C. elegans en edad temprana.
Para diferenciar entre la memoria aversiva temprana y la aprendida en la edad adulta.

Principales métodos:

Exposición de C. elegans recién nacidos y adultos a bacterias patógenas.
Pruebas de comportamiento para medir la persistencia de la memoria aversiva.
Análisis genético de los circuitos neuronales y neuromoduladores (tiramina, receptor SER-2) involucrados en la memoria.

Principales resultados:

Los C. elegans recién nacidos muestran aversión persistente a bacterias patógenas específicas, mientras que la exposición de adultos produce aversión transitoria.
Existe un período crítico de aprendizaje en la primera etapa larval (L1) para la aversión impresa.
Las distintas vías neuronales (AIB, RIM para la formación; AIY, RIA para la recuperación) y la señalización de tiramina son cruciales para la memoria impresa en L1.
El receptor SER-2 en las neuronas AIY es esencial para la recuperación de la aversión impresa.

Conclusiones:

La exposición temprana establece una memoria aversiva estable y específica para el patógeno en C. elegans a través de mecanismos neuronales distintos.
La tiramina y el receptor SER-2 juegan un papel crítico en la formación y recuperación de recuerdos impresos.
Estos hallazgos aclaran la base neurobiológica del aprendizaje temprano y la persistencia de la memoria.

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