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Evidencia de los ciclostomas para la regionalización compleja del cerebro de los vertebrados ancestrales
Fumiaki Sugahara1,2, Juan Pascual-Anaya1, Yasuhiro Oisi3
1Evolutionary Morphology Laboratory, RIKEN, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
Nature
|February 16, 2016
Resumen
El cerebro de los vertebrados
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo evolutivo
- La neurociencia
- Genómica comparada
Sus antecedentes:
- El origen evolutivo del complejo cerebro de los vertebrados no se comprende bien.
- Se pensó que los cerebros embrionarios de Lamprey representaban un estado ancestral debido a la falta de dominios de expresión génica del desarrollo.
- La ausencia de los dominios Hedgehog y Nkx2.1 en el subpallio de la lamprea se relacionó con la pérdida de eminencia ganglionar medial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la historia evolutiva de la regionalización del cerebro en los vertebrados.
- Determinar si los dominios clave del desarrollo cerebral se conservan en los primeros linajes de vertebrados.
- Para reevaluar el estado ancestral del cerebro de los vertebrados.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo del desarrollo embrionario del cerebro en el pez brujo y la lamprea.
- Análisis de patrones de expresión génica en el cerebro del ciclostomo.
- Examen histológico de las estructuras cerebrales.
Principales resultados:
- Los cerebros del pez brujo exhiben dominios equivalentes a la eminencia ganglionar medial y el labio rómbico, similares a los gnathostomes.
- Las larvas de Lamprey poseen estos dominios de desarrollo que anteriormente se pensaba que estaban ausentes.
- Estos hallazgos sugieren patrones de regionalización cerebral conservados.
Conclusiones:
- Las características clave de regionalización cerebral no son exclusivas de los gnathostomes.
- Los dominios de desarrollo cerebral observados en hagfish y lampreas indican un origen antiguo.
- La regionalización compleja del cerebro es anterior a la divergencia de los ciclostomas y gnathostomas, que se remonta a más de 500 millones de años.
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