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Una descarboxilasa-deshidrogenasa-monooxigenasa dependiente de la flavina ensambla la ojiva de los inhibidores del
Daniel Zabala1, Joshua W Cartwright1, Douglas M Roberts1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 22, 2016
Resumen
Se identificó un nuevo inhibidor del proteosoma, TMC-86A, de Streptomyces chromofuscus. Su biosíntesis implica una cascada única de descarboxilación- deshidrogenación- monooxigenación y hidroxilación del citocromo P450.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- La bioquímica
- Biología molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- El inhibidor del proteasoma α,β-epoxiceton TMC-86A es un metabolito recién descubierto producido por Streptomyces chromofuscus ATCC49982.
- Comprender la vía de biosíntesis de estos productos naturales es crucial para el descubrimiento y desarrollo de fármacos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar la vía de biosíntesis del inhibidor del proteasoma α,β-epoxiceton TMC-86A.
- Para identificar el grupo de genes responsable de la biosíntesis de TMC-86A.
- Caracterizar las etapas enzimáticas involucradas en la formación de TMC-86A.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del genoma de Streptomyces chromofuscus ATCC49982 para identificar el grupo de genes para la biosíntesis de TMC-86A.
- Experimentos de etiquetado metabólico en los que se utiliza la [C-metil]l-metionina para el seguimiento de los intermediarios biosintéticos.
- Síntesis química de un intermediario de ácido α-dimetilo-β-ceto propuesto.
- Ensayos enzimáticos utilizando una enzima recombinante dependiente de la flavina purificada y el citocromo P450.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó el grupo de genes responsable de la biosíntesis de TMC-86A.
- Los experimentos de incorporación implicaron un ácido α-dimetilo-β-ceto intermedio.
- Una enzima dependiente de la flavina catalizó la conversión del ácido α-dimetilo-β-ceto en una α-metilo-α,β-epoxicetona a través de una nueva cascada de descarboxilación-deshidrogenación-monooxigenación.
- La hidroxilación mediada por el citocromo P450 completó la biosíntesis de la ojiva TMC-86A.
Conclusiones:
- La biosíntesis de TMC-86A implica una cascada enzimática no descrita anteriormente.
- La vía identificada proporciona información sobre la formación de cabezas nucleares α,β-epoxicetonas en los productos naturales.
- Este estudio amplía nuestra comprensión de la biosíntesis de metabolitos secundarios microbianos y las posibles pistas de medicamentos.
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