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Variabilidad de la capa de hielo antártica a través de la transición climática límite Eoceno-Oligoceno

Simone Galeotti¹, Robert DeConto², Timothy Naish³

¹Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo," 61029 Urbino, Italy. simone.galeotti@uniurb.it.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 2, 2016

Resumen

El clima de la Tierra se enfrió y se formó la capa de hielo antártica (AIS) cuando el dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2) cayó por debajo de 750 ppm. Una capa de hielo estable a escala continental surgió cuando los niveles de CO2 cayeron por debajo de 600 ppm.

Área de la Ciencia:

Paleoclimatología
Dinámica de la capa de hielo de la Antártida
Efectos del dióxido de carbono en el clima

Sus antecedentes:

El clima de la Tierra se enfrió hace aproximadamente 34 millones de años, lo que llevó a la glaciación antártica.
Los niveles de dióxido de carbono (CO2) atmosférico fueron un factor clave en este cambio climático.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la relación entre los niveles de CO2 atmosférico y el comportamiento de la capa de hielo antártica (AIS).
Para reconstruir los ciclos glaciales en la Antártida durante una transición climática crítica.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de ciclos sedimentarios de un núcleo de perforación del oeste del mar de Ross.
Reconstrucción del forzamiento orbital y la actividad glacial entre hace 34 y 31 millones de años.

Principales resultados:

Los primeros ciclos glaciales (≥600 ppm de CO2) mostraron una menor sensibilidad de AIS a la insolación local.
Un parto AIS estable a escala continental en la costa se formó hace unos 32,8 millones de años.
Esta transición coincidió con niveles de CO2 por debajo de aproximadamente 600 ppm.

Conclusiones:

La capa de hielo antártica exhibe un comportamiento de umbral en respuesta a los niveles de CO2.
La sensibilidad del AIS al CO2 es significativa, con implicaciones para los futuros escenarios de cambio climático.
Comprender estas transiciones pasadas es crucial para predecir la estabilidad futura de las capas de hielo.

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