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Asprosina, una hormona proteica glucógena inducida por el ayuno
Chase Romere1, Clemens Duerrschmid1, Juan Bournat1
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cell
|April 19, 2016
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron Asprosin, una hormona proteica inducida por el ayuno que aumenta la liberación de glucosa hepática. La reducción de los niveles de Asprosin reduce significativamente la glucosa y la insulina en individuos resistentes a la insulina, ofreciendo tratamientos potenciales para la diabetes tipo II.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Regulación del metabolismo
- Endocrinología
- Biología molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- La liberación de glucosa hepática es crucial para mantener la homeostasis de la glucosa en sangre, especialmente durante el ayuno.
- La regulación hormonal controla con precisión los niveles de glucosa en plasma.
- El papel de las hormonas específicas inducidas por el ayuno en la regulación de la glucosa hepática requiere una mayor aclaración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar nuevas hormonas inducidas por el ayuno que modulan la liberación de glucosa hepática.
- Investigar el mecanismo de acción de la hormona identificada.
- Evaluar el potencial terapéutico de la orientación de esta hormona en los trastornos metabólicos.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación de una nueva hormona proteica (asprosina) procedente de la escisión de la profibrilina.
- Medición de los niveles circulantes de Asprosina en humanos y ratones.
- Investigación de la vía de señalización de Asprosin en el hígado (proteína G-cAMP-PKA).
- Evaluación del efecto de Asprosin en los niveles de glucosa e insulina después de la ablación inmunológica o genética.
Principales resultados:
- La asprosina, un producto de la escisión del extremo C de la profibrilina, es secretada por el tejido adiposo blanco.
- La asprosina activa la vía de la proteína G-cAMP-PKA en el hígado, estimulando la liberación de glucosa.
- Se han observado niveles patológicamente elevados de Asprosina en humanos y ratones resistentes a la insulina.
- La pérdida de la función de Asprosin conduce a una reducción significativa de la glucosa y la insulina debido a la disminución de la liberación hepática de glucosa.
Conclusiones:
- La asprosina es una nueva hormona proteica glucogénica que juega un papel clave en la regulación de la liberación de glucosa hepática.
- La orientación terapéutica de Asprosin puede ofrecer una estrategia prometedora para el manejo de la diabetes tipo II y el síndrome metabólico.
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