Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Mar 22, 2026

11:53
Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
Published on: September 8, 2012
28.1K
La enzima de división de ADN asociada a CRISPR Cpf1 también procesa el ARN precursor de CRISPR
Ines Fonfara1,2,3, Hagen Richter2,3, Majda Bratovič2,3,4
1The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
Nature
|April 21, 2016
Resumen
El sistema CRISPR-Cas
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Biología molecular
- La genética
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas CRISPR-Cas proporcionan una defensa bacteriana y arqueal contra los elementos genéticos móviles.
- Los sistemas CRISPR-Cas de los tipos I, II y III bien estudiados utilizan proteínas distintas para la maduración del crRNA y la interferencia del ácido nucleico.
- Los diferentes tipos emplean nucleasas específicas como Cas6, Cas5d, RNase III y Cas9 para la escisión del ARN o el ADN.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para demostrar un nuevo mecanismo en la inmunidad CRISPR-Cas.
- Caracterizar la actividad de la doble nucleasa del tipo V-A Cpf1 de Francisella novicida.
- Para aclarar el papel de Cpf1 tanto en la biogénesis de crRNA como en la interferencia del ADN objetivo.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó las actividades enzimáticas de Cpf1.
- Se analizó el procesamiento de Cpf1 de los ARN precursores de CRISPR (pre-crRNA).
- Se examinó el mecanismo de escisión del ADN de Cpf1, incluido el reconocimiento del objetivo y la interacción del motivo adyacente del protospacer (PAM).
Principales resultados:
- Cpf1 actúa como una doble nucleasa, esencial para la maduración del crRNA y la escisión del ADN objetivo.
- Cpf1 divide los pre-crRNAs aguas arriba de las estructuras de la horquilla, generando ARNs CRISPR maduros (crRNAs).
- Cpf1 introduce rupturas de ADN de doble cadena con un saliente de 5', guiado por crRNA y reconociendo un 5'-YTN-3' PAM.
Conclusiones:
- El tipo V-A Cpf1 representa una nueva clase de enzimas con actividades duales de endoribonucleasa y endonucleasa.
- La inmunidad mediada por Cpf1 es el sistema CRISPR-Cas más minimalista identificado hasta la fecha.
- Este descubrimiento amplía la diversidad y los mecanismos conocidos de la inmunidad adaptativa CRISPR-Cas.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
CRISPR
58.9K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
58.9K
CRISPR
18.8K
18.8K
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR
960
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
960
CRISPR and crRNAs
19.5K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
19.5K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
7.8K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.8K
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
2.5K
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
2.5K

