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El programa genético para el desarrollo del cartílago tiene una profunda homología con Bilateria
Oscar A Tarazona1,2, Leslie A Slota3, Davys H Lopez3
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
Nature
|April 26, 2016
Resumen
El estudio revela que la base genética para el desarrollo del cartílago es antigua, evolucionando en el antepasado común de Bilateria. Esta profunda homología explica la evolución paralela del cartílago en diversos grupos animales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva
- Biología del desarrollo
- Genómica comparada
Sus antecedentes:
- La evolución de los tipos de células, como los condrocitos, fue crucial para la diversificación animal y el endosqueleto de los vertebrados.
- La relación entre el cartílago de los vertebrados y tejidos similares en otros grupos de animales sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los orígenes evolutivos y la conservación de los mecanismos de desarrollo del cartílago en Bilateria.
- Determinar si el desarrollo del cartílago comparte una profunda historia evolutiva en el antepasado común de los protostomas y los deuterostomas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de las propiedades estructurales y químicas del cartílago en protostomas y deuterostomas.
- Investigó las vías de señalización conservadas (Hedgehog, β-catenin) y los factores de transcripción (SoxE, SoxD) en la condrogénesis.
- Examinó la regulación de los genes de colágeno fibrilar (ColA) del clado A.
Principales resultados:
- El cartílago protostomo y deuterostomo exhiben características estructurales y químicas comunes.
- Se conservan los principales mecanismos de desarrollo, incluida la inducción de células progenitoras y la diferenciación de condrocitos.
- Los factores de transcripción SoxE y SoxD regulan la expresión del gen ColA en la formación de cartílago.
Conclusiones:
- La red reguladora de genes condrógenos evolucionó en el antepasado común de Bilateria, lo que indica una profunda homología.
- Esta antigua red genética subyace a la evolución paralela de los tejidos de cartílago en Ecdysozoa, Lophotrochozoa y Deuterostomia.
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