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El camino hacia la erradicación: un informe de progreso sobre los países que han eliminado la malaria
Gretchen Newby1, Adam Bennett1, Erika Larson1
1Global Health Group, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 27, 2016
Resumen
El apoyo mundial a la erradicación de la malaria está creciendo, y el progreso en los países de ingresos medios es un factor clave. La colaboración a nivel nacional es esencial para lograr la eliminación de la malaria para el año 2040.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global
- Control de las enfermedades infecciosas
- Malariología
Sus antecedentes:
- La morbilidad y la mortalidad por malaria han disminuido en todo el mundo.
- El consenso global está cambiando hacia la erradicación de la malaria.
- En 2015 se publicaron estrategias y documentos globales clave que abogaban por la eliminación de la malaria.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el progreso hacia la erradicación de la malaria.
- Reconocer el papel de los países de ingresos medios en la eliminación del paludismo.
- Identificar los factores que permiten y dificultan los esfuerzos de erradicación.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la situación de 35 países que han eliminado la malaria.
- Resumen de los objetivos de eliminación nacionales y regionales.
- Análisis de los marcos regionales de apoyo a la eliminación.
Principales resultados:
- El progreso en los países de ingresos medios y bajos es un motor importante de la eliminación mundial de la malaria.
- Los esfuerzos a nivel nacional y la colaboración regional son cruciales para el éxito.
- Se identifican los principales factores facilitadores y obstáculos a la erradicación.
Conclusiones:
- La erradicación de la malaria es un objetivo alcanzable con un compromiso continuo a nivel mundial y nacional.
- Es vital centrarse en el progreso en diversos ámbitos económicos.
- Un objetivo de erradicación de la malaria para 2040 es teóricamente factible con una planificación y ejecución estratégicas.
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