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Ribosa y azúcares relacionados procedentes de la irradiación ultravioleta de análogos de hielo interestelar

Cornelia Meinert¹, Iuliia Myrgorodska², Pierre de Marcellus³

¹Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS, 28 Avenue Valrose, 06108 Nice, France. cornelia.meinert@unice.fr uwe.meierhenrich@unice.fr.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 29, 2016

Resumen

La ribosa prebiótica, un componente clave del ARN, puede formarse a partir de análogos de hielo interestelar fotoprocesados. Esto sugiere que los hielos cósmicos pueden generar azúcares esenciales para la vida en los primeros sistemas solares.

Área de la Ciencia:

Astrobiología
Química orgánica
Ciencias planetarias

Sus antecedentes:

La ribosa es un bloque de construcción fundamental del ARN.
El origen prebiótico de la ribosa aún no se entiende.
La comprensión de la formación de ribosa es crucial para la investigación de los orígenes de la vida.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las posibles vías de formación de prebióticos para la ribosa.
Para explorar la síntesis de moléculas de azúcar de análogos de hielo interestelar.
Proporcionar información sobre el origen de las moléculas biológicamente relevantes.

Principales métodos:

Análogos de hielo interestelar simulados compuestos por agua, metanol y amoníaco.
Procesamiento fotoquímico de análogos de hielo a temperatura ambiente.
Análisis de los residuos orgánicos para la formación de moléculas de azúcar.

Principales resultados:

Se formaron cantidades sustanciales de ribosa.
También se detectaron diversas moléculas de azúcar, incluidas la arabinosa, la xilosa y la licosa.
La formación se produjo en residuos orgánicos a temperatura ambiente de análogos de hielo fotoprocesados.

Conclusiones:

El tratamiento fotoquímico y térmico de hielos cósmicos puede generar numerosas moléculas de azúcar, incluida la ribosa.
Este proceso puede haber ocurrido en las últimas etapas de la nebulosa solar.
Los hallazgos ofrecen vías químicas plausibles para el origen de los bloques de construcción de la vida.

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