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Control bidireccional de la velocidad de movimiento en los ganglios basales
Eric A Yttri1, Joshua T Dudman1
1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.
Nature
|May 3, 2016
Resumen
Los ganglios basales
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Control del motor
- Plasticidad del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ganglios basales integran circuitos motores con señales de recompensa para el comportamiento dirigido a objetivos.
- Las vías directas e indirectas del estriado dorsal están implicadas en la selección de acción.
- El papel de la plasticidad dependiente de la actividad en el refinamiento de la cinemática del movimiento sigue sin estar claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la plasticidad dependiente de la actividad en los ganglios basales es suficiente para los cambios aprendidos en la cinemática del movimiento.
- Para determinar si las vías directas e indirectas pueden controlar bidireccionalmente la velocidad de movimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Estimulación específica del tipo de célula en ratones en circuito cerrado durante el movimiento.
- Utilizando antagonistas de la dopamina para evaluar el papel de la dopamina en los cambios de comportamiento aprendidos.
Principales resultados:
- La actividad en la vía directa o indirecta fue suficiente para inducir cambios específicos y sostenidos en la velocidad de movimiento.
- Estos cambios de velocidad representaron el aprendizaje, acumulado durante los ensayos, y persistieron después del cese de la estimulación.
- Los antagonistas de la dopamina abolieron estas modificaciones de comportamiento aprendidas.
Conclusiones:
- Las vías directas e indirectas de los ganglios basales pueden controlar bidireccionalmente la velocidad de movimiento.
- Esto demuestra el control voluntario específico y flexible de la cinemática del movimiento por los ganglios basales.
- La plasticidad dependiente de la actividad en estas vías subyace a los ajustes aprendidos en la velocidad de movimiento.
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