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Un conjunto neuronal compartido enlaza distintos recuerdos contextuales codificados cerca en el tiempo
Denise J Cai1, Daniel Aharoni1,2,3, Tristan Shuman2,3
1Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry &Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Nature
|June 3, 2016
Resumen
Los recuerdos recién formados están vinculados por conjuntos neuronales compartidos, mejorando el recuerdo. Este proceso de vinculación de la memoria se ve afectado en ratones mayores, pero se puede restaurar aumentando la excitabilidad neuronal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Investigación de la memoria
- Ciencias cognitivas
Sus antecedentes:
- Estudios recientes sugieren que los conjuntos neuronales compartidos enlazan recuerdos codificados de cerca en el tiempo.
- La hipótesis de asignación de memoria sugiere que el aumento de la excitabilidad neuronal sesga la nueva representación de la memoria.
- Este sesgo conecta conjuntos neuronales, aumentando la probabilidad de recordar recuerdos asociados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de los conjuntos neuronales superpuestos en la vinculación de recuerdos contextuales.
- Examinar cómo el momento de la adquisición de memoria influye en la superposición de conjuntos y en la vinculación de la memoria.
- Explorar el impacto del envejecimiento en la vinculación de la memoria y los mecanismos neuronales subyacentes.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron modelos de ratón para estudiar los conjuntos neuronales CA1 del hipocampo.
- El conjunto comparado se superpone para contextos adquiridos dentro de un día frente a una semana de diferencia.
- Evaluó la transferencia de miedo y el fortalecimiento de la memoria entre contextos.
- Investigó los efectos del envejecimiento y las intervenciones para restaurar la excitabilidad en ratones envejecidos.
Principales resultados:
- Mayor superposición en conjuntos de CA1 del hipocampo para contextos adquiridos dentro de un día en comparación con una semana de diferencia.
- La transferencia de miedo y el fortalecimiento de la memoria entre contextos ocurrieron solo cuando se adquirieron dentro de un día.
- Los ratones más viejos mostraron una reducción de la superposición de conjuntos, la transferencia de miedo y el fortalecimiento de la memoria.
- La restauración de la excitabilidad celular y la activación de conjuntos comunes en ratones ancianos rescataron déficits de conexión de memoria.
Conclusiones:
- Los recuerdos contextuales codificados en el tiempo están vinculados a través de conjuntos neuronales superpuestos.
- El envejecimiento afecta este proceso de vinculación de la memoria al reducir la excitabilidad neuronal CA1.
- Las intervenciones dirigidas a la excitabilidad y la activación del conjunto pueden restaurar potencialmente la vinculación de la memoria en el envejecimiento.
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