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Un Júpiter caliente orbitando una estrella de masa solar de 2 millones de años T Tauri
Nature
|June 22, 2016
Resumen
Los astrónomos descubrieron un Júpiter caliente orbitando la joven estrella V830 Tau. Este hallazgo demuestra que los planetas gigantes pueden migrar hacia el interior dentro de dos millones de años, probablemente a través de interacciones entre planetas y discos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias exoplanetarias
- Astrofísica estelar
- Formación y evolución del planeta
Sus antecedentes:
- Los Júpiter calientes son exoplanetas gigantes que orbitan cerca de sus estrellas.
- Su mecanismo de migración hacia el interior y el tiempo (temprano en los discos protoplanetarios frente a las interacciones posteriores) siguen sin estar claros.
- Detectar Júpiter calientes alrededor de estrellas jóvenes es un desafío debido a la intensa actividad magnética estelar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la formación y migración de Júpiter calientes alrededor de estrellas jóvenes.
- Para determinar si los Júpiter calientes pueden formarse y migrar hacia el interior temprano en la vida de una estrella.
- Para confirmar la presencia de un Júpiter caliente alrededor de la joven estrella V830 Tau.
Principales métodos:
- Las mediciones de velocidad radial de la joven estrella V830 Tau.
- Filtración de las señales de actividad magnética estelar de los datos de velocidad radial.
- Análisis de la señal de velocidad radial para detectar variaciones periódicas indicativas de un planeta.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectó una señal de velocidad radial periódica con un período de 4,93 días en V830 Tau, no relacionada con su rotación.
- Esta señal, con una probabilidad de falsa alarma < 0,03%, indica un planeta de 0,77 masas de Júpiter.
- El planeta orbita a 0.057 UA, confirmando la presencia de un Júpiter caliente alrededor de una estrella joven.
Conclusiones:
- Los Júpiter calientes pueden formarse y migrar hacia el interior muy temprano en la evolución del sistema planetario, dentro de dos millones de años.
- Las interacciones entre los planetas y el disco son un mecanismo probable que impulsa esta rápida migración hacia el interior.
- Este descubrimiento proporciona evidencia crucial para la formación temprana de Júpiter caliente y los escenarios de migración.
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