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Procesamiento y traducción de la matriz de respuesta de proteínas desplegadas mitocondriales pre-ARN
Nature
|June 29, 2016
Resumen
El mal plegamiento de proteínas mitocondriales desencadena la respuesta de proteínas desplegadas (UPRmt) en las células humanas. Esta respuesta aumenta las chaperonas y reduce la traducción mitocondrial, manteniendo la homeostasis de la proteína.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular
- Biología molecular
- La genética
Sus antecedentes:
- La matriz mitocondrial integra las proteínas de los genomas nucleares y mitocondriales, lo que requiere un plegado y ensamblaje precisos.
- La respuesta de la proteína desplegada mitocondrial (UPRmt) en C. elegans detecta y responde al mal plegamiento de la proteína de la matriz.
- La comprensión de la UPRmt en mamíferos es limitada debido a la falta de desencadenantes de activación aguda.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las respuestas celulares agudas al mal plegamiento de proteínas de la matriz mitocondrial en las células humanas.
- Analizar los efectos de la activación de la UPRmt en la traducción mitocondrial y las cargas de plegamiento de proteínas.
- Establecer un marco para la disección de UPRmt de mamíferos.
Principales métodos:
- Inhibición farmacológica de la proteasa de la matriz mitocondrial HSP90/TRAP1 o LON para inducir la UPRmt.
- Análisis transcripcional y proteómico global de células humanas.
- Estudios funcionales que evalúan la traducción mitocondrial y el procesamiento del pre-ARN.
Principales resultados:
- La activación aguda de UPRmt en las células humanas induce una expresión genética nuclear generalizada, incluidas las proteínas de la matriz para el plegamiento, el procesamiento de pre-ARN y la traducción.
- La traducción mitocondrial se inhibe rápida y reversiblemente durante la UPRmt.
- Los defectos en el procesamiento de pre-ARN se producen debido a la represión transcripcional y la rotación dependiente de LON de MRPP3.
Conclusiones:
- El estrés agudo de plegamiento de proteínas mitocondriales activa tanto el aumento de la disponibilidad de la chaperona como la reducción de la síntesis de proteínas a través de la inhibición traslacional.
- La UPRmt juega un papel crucial en el mantenimiento de la proteostasis mitocondrial bajo estrés.
- Este estudio proporciona una base para una mayor investigación de los mecanismos UPRmt de los mamíferos.
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