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Significado funcional disociado de la actividad relacionada con la toma de decisiones en la corriente dorsal de
Leor N Katz1, Jacob L Yates1, Jonathan W Pillow2
1Center for Perceptual Systems, Departments of Neuroscience &Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Nature
|July 5, 2016
Resumen
La actividad neuronal en el área intraparietal lateral (LIP) se correlaciona fuertemente con las decisiones, pero no es causalmente necesaria para la toma de decisiones perceptivas. Por el contrario, la actividad de la zona temporal media (TM), menos correlacionada con las decisiones, es crucial para el rendimiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- La neurociencia cognitiva
- Ciencia de la decisión
Sus antecedentes:
- La actividad neuronal en varias regiones del cerebro se correlaciona con los procesos de toma de decisiones.
- El papel causal de estas actividades neuronales relacionadas con la toma de decisiones sigue sin estar claro.
- Comprender esta distinción es crucial para descifrar las bases neuronales de la cognición.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación causal entre la actividad neuronal en áreas específicas del cerebro y la toma de decisiones perceptivas.
- Diferenciar entre las señales neuronales que se correlacionan con las decisiones y las que son esenciales para tomarlas.
- Examinar las funciones de las áreas intraparietal lateral (LIP) y temporal media (MT) en una tarea de discriminación de movimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Registro de la actividad neuronal de las áreas LIP y MT en macacos rhesus durante una tarea de discriminación de la dirección del movimiento.
- Inactivación farmacológica reversible de las áreas LIP y MT para evaluar su impacto causal en el comportamiento.
- Analizando las tasas de disparo y su correlación con las elecciones de los animales y el rendimiento psicofísico.
Principales resultados:
- Las neuronas LIP mostraron fuertes correlaciones de velocidad de disparo con la toma de decisiones, reflejando la acumulación de evidencia.
- Las neuronas MT exhibieron correlaciones de elección más débiles y patrones consistentes con la codificación de movimiento sensorial.
- La inactivación de MT deterioró gravemente el rendimiento de la tarea, mientras que la inactivación de LIP no tuvo un efecto significativo en las decisiones perceptuales.
Conclusiones:
- La actividad relacionada con la decisión en el LIP no es causalmente necesaria para la toma de decisiones perceptivas, lo que sugiere que puede reflejar procesos secundarios.
- Las señales neuronales fuertemente correlacionadas con las decisiones no indican necesariamente un papel causal en el cálculo de la decisión.
- Este estudio destaca una disociación crítica entre la correlación neuronal y la causalidad en la comprensión de la función cerebral durante la toma de decisiones.
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